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ObjectivesTo understand the impact of mild-moderate and severe acute kidney injury in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.DesignSecondary analysis of the "Large Observational Study to Understand the Global Impact of Severe Acute Respiratory Failure", an international prospective cohort study of patients with severe respiratory failure.SettingFour-hundred fifty-nine ICUs from 50 countries across five continents.SubjectsPatients with a glomerular filtration rate greater than 60 mL/min/1.73 m prior to admission who fulfilled criteria of acute respiratory distress syndrome on day 1 and day 2 of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure.InterventionsPatients were categorized based on worst serum creatinine or urine output into: 1) no acute kidney injury (serum creatinine < 132 µmol/L or urine output ≥ 0.5 mL/kg/hr), 2) mild-moderate acute kidney injury (serum creatinine 132-354 µmol/L or minimum urine output between 0.3 and 0.5mL/kg/hr), or 3) severe acute kidney injury (serum creatinine > 354 µmol/L or renal replacement therapy or minimum urine output < 0.3 mL/kg/hr).Measurements and main resultsThe primary outcome was hospital mortality, whereas secondary outcomes included prevalence of acute kidney injury and characterization of acute respiratory distress syndrome risk factors and illness severity patterns, in patients with acute kidney injury versus no acute kidney injury. One-thousand nine-hundred seventy-four patients met inclusion criteria: 1,209 (61%) with no acute kidney injury, 468 (24%) with mild-moderate acute kidney injury, and 297 (15%) with severe acute kidney injury. The impact of acute kidney injury on the ventilatory management of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome was relatively limited, with no differences in arterial CO2 tension or in tidal or minute ventilation between the groups. Hospital mortality increased from 31% in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients with no acute kidney injury to 50% in mild-moderate acute kidney injury (p ≤ 0.001 vs no acute kidney injury) and 58% in severe acute kidney injury (p ≤ 0.001 vs no acute kidney injury and mild-moderate acute kidney injury). In multivariate analyses, both mild-moderate (odds ratio, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.24-2.09; p < 0.001) and severe (odds ratio, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.55-2.94; p < 0.001) acute kidney injury were independently associated with mortality.ConclusionsThe development of acute kidney injury, even when mild-moderate in severity, is associated with a substantial increase in mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Original publication

DOI

10.1097/ccm.0000000000003832

Type

Journal

Critical care medicine

Publication Date

09/2019

Volume

47

Pages

1216 - 1225

Addresses

Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI) at CÚRAM Centre for Research in Medical Devices, School of Medicine, National University of Ireland, Galway, Galway, Ireland.

Keywords

ESICM Trials Group and the Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE (LUNG SAFE) Investigators, Humans, Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult, Carbon Dioxide, Creatinine, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Respiration, Artificial, Severity of Illness Index, Hospital Mortality, Odds Ratio, Risk Factors, Prospective Studies, Comorbidity, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Middle Aged, Intensive Care Units, Female, Male, Acute Kidney Injury