{ "items": [ "\n\n
\n \n\n \n \n \n \n MORU\n \n \n \n \n SMRU\n \n \n\n \n\n\n
\n \n \n \nPosted 19/03/2021. Tobias Brummaier reports that collaborative research efforts with SMRU and SIDRA have demonstrated that vaginal microbial composition and local vaginal immune environment are associated with preterm birth in Asian women from a low-resource setting, possibly providing an avenue towards an early predictive tool for preterm birth
\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n MORU\n \n \n \n \n SMRU\n \n \n\n \n\n\n
\n \n \n \nPosted 16/03/2021. Many women in Southeast Asia are smaller than their Western counterparts. How might this affect an otherwise healthy pregnancy? A recent study from the Thai-Myanmar border by Sue J Lee, Ahmar Hashmi and colleagues suggests that maternal height should be considered when providing advice regarding weight gain during pregnancy.
\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n MORU\n \n \n\n \n\n\n
\n \n \n \nPosted 09/03/2021. X-linked glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is the most common human enzymopathy. Ghulam Awab and colleagues analysed their clinical study and epidemiological data from Afghanistan gathered over the last decade and showed that the G6PD Mediterranean variant provided a marked gene dose proportional protection against P. vivax malaria.
\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n MORU\n \n \n \n \n SMRU\n \n \n\n \n\n\n
\n \n \n \nPosted 05/03/2021. Prevention of mother to child transmission of Hepatitis B can be challenging in resource limited settings. Marieke Bierhoff and colleagues look at strategies that might be more feasible in these settings. TDF (tenofovir disoproxil fumarate) after rapid diagnostic test may be a more feasible strategy to implement in resource limited settings, TDF after hepatitis B e-antigen test is a cheaper option.
\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n MORU\n \n \n\n \n\n\n
\n \n \n \nPosted 02/03/2021. Direk Limmathurotsakul and colleagues show that a Sepsis Fast Track (SFT) programme, implemented in Thailand to screen, initiate sepsis care and fast-track them when applicable to ICU upon admission, are associated with higher chances of survival. We analyzed data of a prospective observational study, having control group from both pre and post-intervention periods.
\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n KWTRP\n \n \n\n \n\n\n
\n \n \n \nPosted 26/02/2021. Malaria and iron deficiency are common in Africa and malaria may cause iron deficiency through a hepcidin-mediated block in iron absorption. Using sickle cell trait to proxy malaria exposure, John Muriuki, Sarah Atkinson and colleagues found that an intervention that halves malaria incidence would also reduce iron deficiency by approximately 50% in African children.
\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n MORU\n \n \n\n \n\n\n
\n \n \n \nPosted 09/02/2021. Wirichada Pan-ngum and colleagues address key knowledge gaps on human-animal-water-source interactions and leptospirosis in high-risk settings, Thailand. Water-source sharing networks and human\u2013animal contact patterns are key information potentially involved in the epidemiology of leptospirosis. Occupations related to animals/environmental water and consuming water from more than two sources increased the risk exposure to leptospirosis.
\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n KWTRP\n \n \n\n \n\n\n
\n \n \n \nPosted 05/02/2021. Measles immunity gaps have widened following disruptions of routine immunisation and supplementary activities due to COVID-19 pandemic in Kenya. While COVID-19 restrictions temporarily reduced the risk of a measles outbreak, Caroline Mburu, Ifedayo Adetifa and colleagues estimate that this risk will rapidly rise once the restrictions are lifted. Implementing delayed supplementary immunisation activities will be critical for prevention of measles outbreaks.
\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n OUCRU\n \n \n\n \n\n\n
\n \n \n \nPosted 02/02/2021. Indiscriminate antimicrobial use (AMU) in animal production is a driver of antimicrobial resistance globally. In this trial, Juan Carrique-Mas and colleague provided regular veterinary advice to chicken farmers in Vietnam aiming to reducing AMU. AMU was quantitatively reduced by 66% and flock mortality by 40%. This study demonstrates that reductions in AMU without compromising health and productivity can be achieved in LMICs.
\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n KWTRP\n \n \n\n \n\n\n
\n \n \n \nPosted 15/01/2021. Yellow Fever is a re-emerging disease whose incidence has increased globally in the last three decades. Although very successful, the stocks of the YF vaccine are often insufficient. Derick Kimathi, George Warimwe and colleagues assessed the immunogenicity and safety of fractional (1/5th) doses. Our results support fractional dosing of all four WHO-prequalified YF vaccines in general adult population as a dose-sparing strategy.
\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n OUCRU\n \n \n\n \n\n\n
\n \n \n \nPosted 19/01/2021. Tan Le Van and colleagues show that metagenomics could detect enteroviruses (n=23), hepatitis B virus (3), HIV (2), molluscum contagiosum virus (1) and germycircularvirus (1) in 14.7% of 204 cerebrospinal fluid from Vietnamese patients presenting with central nervous system infections of unknown origin. It remains a challenge to identify a plausible cause in patients with brain infections.
\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n OUCRU\n \n \n \n \n OUCRU-Nepal\n \n \n\n \n\n\n
\n \n \n \nPosted 12/01/2021. Azithromycin is effectively the last remaining oral antimicrobial to treat typhoid fever and is widely used for empirical therapy in South Asia. Although azithromycin resistance in Salmonella Typhi has rarely been reported, Abhilasha Karkey and colleagues show that an increasing reliance on this drug has led to the emergence of azithromycin resistant S. Typhi in the region.
\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n KWTRP\n \n \n\n \n\n\n
\n \n \n \nPosted 03/07/2020. Under declining malaria transmission on the Kenyan coast Kilifi, Alice Kamau, Bob Snow and colleagues show that children continue to bear the brunt of mild and severe disease. There was no significant malaria disease or mortality burden in adults. This is contrary to current modelled approaches to malaria disease burden among African adults.
\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n LOMWRU\n \n \n \n \n MORU\n \n \n\n \n\n\n
\n \n \n \nPosted 05/01/2021. Diagnosing rickettsial infections is difficult in low-resource settings; this leads to delays in receiving appropriate treatment. Before this study the distribution of rickettsioses in Myanmar was not known. This report of a serosurvey by Philip Elders, Elizabeth Ashley and colleagues shows rickettsioses are widespread in Myanmar, with high scrub typhus prevalence in central and northern regions.
\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n MORU\n \n \n\n \n\n\n
\n \n \n \nPosted 08/12/2020. \u201cNo bacterial culture, no drug-resistant infections.\u201d Cherry Lim, Direk Limmathurotsakul and colleagues show that the impact of low blood culture utilization on the observed proportions and incidences of drug-resistant infections could be high. This is likely happening in most of LMICs. A set of recommendations are proposed.
\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n MORU\n \n \n\n \n\n\n
\n \n \n \nPosted 18/12/2020. Lorenz Von Seidlein and colleagues observed that poorest people in rural Tanzania were the oldest people and especially old people without children. This observation came as a surprise because generation, the baby boomers has accumulated wealth throughout life and ended up wealthier by the time they reached retirement. There is a need to provide more financial and housing security for older people in rural Africa. Currently for many older people in rural Africa the only security are their children.
\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n MORU\n \n \n\n \n\n\n
\n \n \n \nPosted 11/12/2020. COVID-19 has hit informal urban settlements particularly hard. The control and prevention of COVID-19 in slums starts with organizing community infrastructure, provision of basic needs and protection of people at highest risk. Slums are a source for persistent transmission. In view of the constant risk that slums present to the entire population decisive steps need to be taken to rehabilitate and improve informal settlements, Lorenz Von Seidlein and colleagues provide suggestions.
\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n COMRU\n \n \n \n \n MORU\n \n \n\n \n\n\n
\n \n \n \nPosted 15/12/2020. A recent study co-led by Paul Turner and colleagues at COMRU identified extremely high prevalence of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) bacterial carriage in households from Siem Reap, Cambodia. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli were detected in stool samples from >90% of participants. The results highlight the challenges to AMR control in locations where antibiotic overuse is common.
\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n COMRU\n \n \n \n \n MORU\n \n \n\n \n\n\n
\n \n \n \nPosted 04/12/2020. Paul Turner and COMRU researchers, working with Cambodia\u2019s University of Health Sciences and Fondation Merieux, evaluated recently the potential of MALDI-TOF-based serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae for vaccine impact surveillance. Despite early promise, the team found that MALDI-TOF performed poorly and should not replace existing serotyping methodologies.
\n \n\n \n \n\n \n\n \n \n \n \n MORU\n \n \n \n \n SMRU\n \n \n\n \n\n\n
\n \n \n \nPosted 01/12/2020. This paper confirms that research is important to inform evidence-based medical care in LMICs settings. Napat Khirikoekkong, Phaik Yeong Cheah and colleagues found that migrants living along the Thai-Myanmar border, who were traditionally deemed vulnerable, exercise their agency and resourcefulness when navigating through their daily challenges, and participating in important health research
\n \n\n \n \n