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\n \n \n \nPosted 10/12/2019. In antimalarial efficacy trial, researchers often encounter situation where recurrence due to new infection cannot be differentiated from recrudescence (indeterminate). In this study, Prabin Dahal and colleagues consider indeterminate outcomes as missing and recommend using statistically principled approaches that are more efficient and accurate than current practice of excluding them.
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\n \n \n \nPosted 18/09/2019. A protocol for carrying out a systematic rapid research needs appraisal of existing evidence within five days, to rapidly inform clinical research prioritize in response to emerging outbreaks globally. This protocol was developed and successfully piloted by Louise Sigfrid and colleagues using a fictitious Lassa fever outbreak scenario. The protocol is optimized by effective use of global time-zones.
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\n \n \n \nPosted 26/01/2021. Appropriate and well-resourced medical internship training is important to ensure psychological health and well-being of doctors in training and also to recruit and retain these doctors. Yingxi Zhao and colleagues identified and described a large number of tools designed for measuring medical internship experience, to help medical educators and human resource managers make an evidence-based decision on designing surveys to understand interns\u2019 experience of training.
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\n \n \n \nPosted 27/10/2020. Madeleine Clarkson, Paul Newton and colleagues reviewed when individual species of human pathogens were described in Laos, and estimated the in-country diversity and how many more pathogens there may be. Combining modelling with historical assessment improved understanding of the factors affecting pathogen description. During the last decade there has been a 33-fold increase in the description rate, coinciding with the strengthening of medical research in Laos.
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\n \n \n \nPosted 08/01/19. Four out of five people in the world with diabetes now live in low and middle income countries. Professor Susanna Dunachie and her Thai collaborator Parinya Chamnan describe how diabetes leads to increased risk and worse outcomes for global infections such as TB, melioidosis and dengue, alongside discussing potential mechanisms and interventions.
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\n \n \n \nPosted 25/06/2020. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria are a growing global health crisis. In order to develop a quantitative understanding of how antibiotics affect drug-resistant bacteria within the human gut, Ben Cooper and colleagues developed a data-driven model of the within-host dynamics of blaCTX-M, one of the most important gene families for antibiotic resistance.
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\n \n \n \nPosted 01/05/2020. Although effective treatment for malaria in pregnancy is needed for preventing adverse impact on both mother and fetus, quinine is still widely used in pregnancy. Makoto Saito and 41 other collaborators worldwide put their individual patient data together to summarise the currently available evidence showing that quinine is inferior to ACT and further research on dose optimization of ACT is warranted.
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\n \n \n \nPosted 03/09/2020. Cian Wade, Mike English and colleagues brought together a large body of evidence to inform recommendations for Kenya on neonatal analgesic guidelines for routine procedures. They describe the process by which a group of local experts translated systematic review and meta-analysis findings into context-specific clinical guidelines. The work emphasises the value of breastfeeding or breast milk as an important and feasible therapeutic strategy for alleviating neonatal pain.
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\n \n \n \nPosted 08/11/2019. Nzelle Delphine Kayem, Peter Horby and colleagues at the University of Oxford report on the first training course specifically designed for clinical research during outbreaks and tailored to low and middle-income countries. Following a very positive evaluation by the first cohort of trainees, the Oxford team plan to franchise out the course through a variety of providers.
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\n \n \n \nPosted 05/12/2018. A WWARN team recently completed a large systematic literature review to understand whether undernutrition places children at higher, lower, or no differential risk for getting malaria. We raise the concern whether an adapted antimalarial treatment strategy is needed in malnourished children. The results present the risks associated with chronic and severe acute malnutrition and the impact on sub-optimal drug exposure, poor patient outcomes and the potential contribution towards an increased risk of antimalarial drug resistance. Photo credit: Albert Gonz\u00e1lez Farran, UNAMID, 2013
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\n \n \n \nPosted 20/11/18. Malaria in pregnancy affects both mothers and fetuses. Safe and efficacious antimalarials are needed for treating pregnant and breastfeeding mothers to protect them from devastating outcomes due to malaria. Dr Makoto Saito, Professor Fran\u00e7ois Nosten and colleagues at the Shoklo Malaria Research Unit have reviewed and summarised the maternal and fetal safety of the currently available antimalarials in pregnancy and postpartum, spotlighting this neglected and vulnerable population.
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\n \n \n \nPosted 16/10/2020. In December 2019, The Global Research Collaboration for Infectious Disease Preparedness (GloPID-R) convened a Frontiers meeting to identify how to enable a coordinated research response in the event of an epidemic or pandemic. Alice Norton, Louise Sigfrid, Gail Carson and colleagues here highlight findings to strengthen the ongoing response for COVID-19.
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