Phase-3 trial of recombinant human alkaline phosphatase for patients with sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (REVIVAL).
Pickkers P., Angus DC., Bass K., Bellomo R., van den Berg E., Bernholz J., Bestle MH., Doi K., Doig CJ., Ferrer R., Francois B., Gammelager H., Pedersen UG., Hoste E., Iversen S., Joannidis M., Kellum JA., Liu K., Meersch M., Mehta R., Millington S., Murray PT., Nichol A., Ostermann M., Pettilä V., Solling C., Winkel M., Young PJ., Zarbock A., REVIVAL investigators None.
PurposeIlofotase alfa is a human recombinant alkaline phosphatase with reno-protective effects that showed improved survival and reduced Major Adverse Kidney Events by 90 days (MAKE90) in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) patients. REVIVAL, was a phase-3 trial conducted to confirm its efficacy and safety.MethodsIn this international double-blinded randomized-controlled trial, SA-AKI patients were enrolled ResultsSix hundred fifty patients were treated and analyzed for safety; and 649 for efficacy data (ilofotase alfa n = 330; placebo n = 319). The observed mortality rates in the ilofotase alfa and placebo groups were 27.9% and 27.9% at 28 days, and 33.9% and 34.8% at 90 days. The trial was stopped for futility on the primary endpoint. The observed proportion of patients with MAKE90A and MAKE90B were 56.7% and 37.4% in the ilofotase alfa group vs. 64.6% and 42.8% in the placebo group. Median [interquartile range (IQR)] days alive and free of organ support were 17 [0-24] and 14 [0-24], number of days alive and discharged from the ICU through day 28 were 15 [0-22] and 10 [0-22] in the ilofotase alfa and placebo groups, respectively. Adverse events were reported in 67.9% and 75% patients in the ilofotase and placebo group.ConclusionAmong critically ill patients with SA-AKI, ilofotase alfa did not improve day 28 survival. There may, however, be reduced MAKE90 events. No safety concerns were identified.