Systematic reviews require time and resources to conduct that might not be available in a rapidly developing context such as during new and (re-) emerging infectious disease outbreaks. As part of the Pandemic-PACT program at the Pandemic Sciences Institute at the University of Oxford we have, in collaboration with Cochrane Response and Cochrane South Africa, developed a "living" Rapid Research Needs Appraisal (RRNA) methodology. The aim is to develop a protocol for rapidly and robustly identify key evidence gaps across pre-defined research domains to inform research prioritisation and coordination in preparedness time and during outbreaks. The RRNA utilises modified systematic review methods, a global relay of reviewers, and systematic review software. The objective is to strengthen capability for carrying out RRNAs, and establish a baseline evidence platform for priority infectious diseases that can be readily updated as new evidence emerges, utilising an adaptable "living" RRNA protocol. This data will be of relevance to funders, researchers, clinical and public health stakeholders involved in management of infectious diseases of epidemic and pandemic potential.