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Understanding the functional role of proteins expressed by Plasmodium falciparum is an important step toward unlocking potential targets for the development of therapeutic or diagnostic interventions. The armadillo (ARM) repeat protein superfamily is associated with varied functions across the eukaryotes. Therefore, it is important to understand the role of members of this protein family in Plasmodium biology. The Plasmodium falciparum armadillo repeats only (PfARO; Pf3D7_0414900) and P. falciparum merozoite organizing proteins (PfMOP; Pf3D7_0917000) are armadillo-repeat containing proteins previously characterized in P. falciparum. Here, we describe the characterization of another ARM repeat-containing protein in P. falciparum, which we have named the P. falciparum Merozoites-Associated Armadillo repeats protein (PfMAAP). Antibodies raised to three different synthetic peptides of PfMAAP show apical staining of free merozoites and those within the mature infected schizont. We also demonstrate that the antibodies raised to the PfMAAP peptides inhibited invasion of erythrocytes by merozoites from different parasite isolates. In addition, naturally acquired human antibodies to the N- and C- termini of PfMAAP are associated with a reduced risk of malaria in a prospective cohort analysis.

Original publication

DOI

10.3389/fimmu.2020.00505

Type

Journal

Frontiers in immunology

Publication Date

01/2020

Volume

11

Addresses

West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens (WACCBIP), University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.

Keywords

Erythrocytes, Animals, Humans, Plasmodium falciparum, Malaria, Falciparum, Peptides, Protozoan Proteins, Antibodies, Protozoan, Cohort Studies, Prospective Studies, Protein Transport, Armadillo Domain Proteins, Merozoites, Schizonts, Immunity, Humoral