Genome Sequence of the Tsetse Fly ( Glossina morsitans ): Vector of African Trypanosomiasis
Attardo GM., Abila PP., Auma JE., Baumann AA., Benoit JB., Brelsfoard CL., Ribeiro JMC., Cotton JA., Pham DQD., Darby AC., Van Den Abbeele J., Denlinger DL., Field LM., Nyanjom SRG., Gaunt MW., Geiser DL., Gomulski LM., Haines LR., Hansen IA., Jones JW., Kibet CK., Kinyua JK., Larkin DM., Lehane MJ., Rio RVM., Macdonald SJ., Macharia RW., Malacrida AR., Marco HG., Marucha KK., Masiga DK., Meuti ME., Mireji PO., Obiero GFO., Koekemoer JJO., Okoro CK., Omedo IA., Osamor VC., Balyeidhusa ASP., Peyton JT., Price DP., Quail MA., Ramphul UN., Rawlings ND., Riehle MA., Robertson HM., Sanders MJ., Scott MJ., Dashti ZJS., Snyder AK., Srivastava TP., Stanley EJ., Swain MT., Hughes DST., Tarone AM., Taylor TD., Telleria EL., Thomas GH., Walshe DP., Wilson RK., Winzerling JJ., Acosta-Serrano A., Aksoy S., Arensburger P., Aslett M., Bateta R., Benkahla A., Berriman M., Bourtzis K., Caers J., Caljon G., Christoffels A., Falchetto M., Friedrich M., Fu S., Gäde G., Githinji G., Gregory R., Hall N., Harkins G., Hattori M., Hertz-Fowler C., Hide W., Hu W., Imanishi T., Inoue N., Jonas M., Kawahara Y., Koffi M., Kruger A., Lawson D., Lehane S., Lehväslaiho H., Luiz T., Makgamathe M., Malele I., Manangwa O., Manga L., Megy K., Michalkova V., Mpondo F., Mramba F., Msangi A., Mulder N., Murilla G., Mwangi S., Okedi L., Ommeh S., Ooi C-P., Ouma J., Panji S., Ravel S., Rose C., Sakate R., Schoofs L., Scolari F., Sharma V., Sim C., Siwo G., Solano P., Stephens D., Suzuki Y., Sze S-H., Touré Y., Toyoda A., Tsiamis G., Tu Z., Wamalwa M., Wamwiri F., Wang J., Warren W., Watanabe J., Weiss B., Willis J., Wincker P., Zhang Q., Zhou J-J.
Africa's Bane Tsetse are blood-feeding, fast-flying flies that transmit a range of Trypanosoma spp. protozoan pathogens, which cause sleeping sickness in humans and their nagana in their livestock. The International Glossina Genome Initiative (p. 380 ) sequenced the genome of Glossina morsitans and identified the genes for many attributes of the tsetse's remarkable biology, including viviparity and the expression of analogs of mammalian milk proteins. Tsetse are host to several specific symbionts that appear to synthesize essential nutrients for the fly and also to hitherto undiscovered parasitoid-derived viruses. Deeper exploration of this genome will reveal what makes these fly species so host- and trypanosome specific.