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In this background report for the Pathways to Prosperity Commission, Chris Paton and Naomi Muinga describe the implementation of the new OpenMRS-based system called Afya (Swahili for ‘health’) Electronic Health Management System in Machakos County in Kenya. They assess the challenges associated with implementation, and suggest some recommendations for rolling out digital methods to keep clinical records in developing countries.
Postgraduate Diploma Course Content
Taught over four terms, the course consists of 16 compulsory subjects.
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About us
The Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health is a world leading Centre within the Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, comprised of research groups who are permanently based in Africa and Asia as well as across two sites in Oxford. Our research ranges from clinical studies to behavioural sciences, with capacity building integral to all of our activities.
3-min Thesis Competition by OUCRU & MORU in 2023
The MORU-OUCRU 3-Minute Thesis (3MT) is an annual competition that cultivates MORU and OUCRU DPhil students’ academic, presentation and research communication skills. In three qualifying rounds, participating DPhil students are challenged to explain their research in three minutes, in a language appropriate to a non-specialist audience. Shortlisted participants go on to the Grand Final 3MT Thesis Competition, held at the end of the year before a live audience, with big prizes available for the best talks as voted by our expert panel of judges and invited local high school students. Enjoy highlights of the 2023 Grand Final 3MT Thesis Competition, held 8 Nov 2023 in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
Sonia Lewycka: One Health interventions to combat antimicrobial resistance
Antimicrobial resistance can be viewed through a One Health lens across humans, animals and the environment. Focussing on primary care, tests offered at point-of-care in Vietnam to curb antibiotic overuse yielded promising but nuanced results. The Just Transition initiative, examining justice implications of AMR policies globally, aims to align efforts with climate change mitigations for mutual benefits.
Sassy Molyneux: Strengthening health and research systems
Health systems in LMICs face daily stresses such as resource shortages and policy changes, alongside periodic shocks such as epidemics. Enhancing resilience combined with research ethics ensures high-quality research responsive to local communities. Minimising moral distress among frontline staff in international research is crucial for sustaining quality healthcare and advancing science amid challenging conditions.
Attakrit Leckcivilize: Physician Associates & the NHS workforce crisis
To improve health systems, workers and healthcare policy, we look at incentive motivation and human behaviour from an economist point of view. Currently, we're collaborating with the NHS to study Physician Associates, a newly regulated profession. Our research aims to address workforce challenges, emphasizing recruitment, retention, and development to improve care quality, recognizing the vital role of human connection in healthcare delivery.
Proochista Ariana: Building capacity for global health impact
The intersection between international developments and health is complex and multidimensional. Development initiatives, such as building roads, can enhance access to healthcare, education and markets, yet may also increase risks such as accidents and disease transmission. In Liberia, we investigate factors contributing to maternal and neonatal mortality through policy analysis and community perspectives. Our Master’s in International Health and Tropical Medicine aims to foster effective solutions and capacity building in global health leadership.
Jacob McKnight: Preparing Kenya’s health system for extreme weather
In both high- and low-income countries, health systems need to be ready for extreme weather. While sustainability efforts are underway, health systems must cope with events like floods and droughts, which increase healthcare demand and disrupt services. The NEWRISK project in Kenya addresses these challenges, emphasizing resilience and insurance strategies to maintain healthcare access during crises, amid climate change's broad impacts on health systems.
Sebastian Fuller: Implications of new technologies in healthcare
New healthcare technologies, in our case sexually transmitted infections diagnostics, need to be integrated with all stakeholders, including the WHO. In countries like Malta and Zambia, we explore scalable implementation and antimicrobial resistance issues. Expanding diagnostics enhances treatment accuracy by reducing reliance on syndromic approaches. Reducing antibiotic resistance is a crucial element in evolving global health systems.
Yingxi Zhao: Medical workforce research in Kenya
The issue of global health workforce shortage is especially acute in low- and middle-income countries like Kenya. These countries face urban concentration of workers, migration to high-income countries, poor training and burnout, all of which impacts care quality. Addressing these issues through ethical recruitment, developing roles and improving workforce well-being is crucial for effective healthcare systems and public resource management.
Alun Davies: Engaging communities for ethical research
The Global Health Network supports researchers in global health with resources and a community of one million practitioners. Mesh, TGHN platform for community engagement, is offering an online training course for community engagement and involvement in health research. Ensuring that community members are involved in all steps of the research process has become vital, enhancing both ethics and scientific rigour, and improving research practices and policy influence.
Caesar Atuire: Making health more ethical for all
Ethics emphasises fair and equitable actions, particularly important in healthcare. For example, a project on solidarity highlights disparities in COVID-19 vaccine distribution, questioning ethical ideals. Major challenges include health inequalities, radical disagreements, AI responsibility and structural injustice. Our research looks at justice and equity in health interventions, ensuring they reach those in need effectively and timely.
Philippe Guérin: Enabling data reuse to combat infectious diseases
IDDO is a data platform that facilitates the integration and analysis of individual patient data from diverse studies, uncovering new insights otherwise inaccessible. Through meticulous curation and merging of data, IDDO unearth crucial evidence, such as the impact of malaria treatment on malnourished children, a group usually excluded from trials. This comprehensive approach not only informs better treatment strategies but also identifies gaps in current knowledge, guiding future research directions and potentially transforming healthcare guidelines worldwide.
Susanna Dunachie: Vaccines for vulnerable populations
Focussing on vaccines for vulnerable populations, the Tropical Immunology Research Group study immune responses in healthy individuals to understand how to protect those with frail immune systems, such as the elderly and diabetics, from bacterial infections like E. coli and Klebsiella. Key goals include identifying immune markers of protection and designing vaccines to prevent deaths in low- and middle-income countries. Addressing antimicrobial resistance is urgent to prevent untreatable future infections.
Celine Caillet: Detecting substandard and falsified medical products
The Medicine Quality Research Group focuses on substandard and falsified medicines, critical issues often overlooked in LMICs. Recent tragic incidents underscore the urgent need for better regulatory oversight. The group explores portable screening technologies to empower regulators in identifying and preventing such medicines, potentially mitigating widespread harm and economic strain on health systems.